Arthritis
Arthritis: Understanding and Managing Joint Inflammation
Arthritis refers to a group of conditions characterized by inflammation in one or more joints, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility. The most common forms are osteoarthritis (OA), caused by wear and tear of cartilage, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder attacking joint linings. Other types include gout, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis.
Risk factors for arthritis include age, genetics, obesity, joint injuries, and infections. Symptoms often vary based on the type but generally include joint discomfort, morning stiffness, redness, and in severe cases, joint deformity.
Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies like X-rays or MRIs, and laboratory tests to identify markers of inflammation or specific conditions like RA or gout.
Treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms, preserving joint function, and preventing progression. Non-surgical options include medications like analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologics. Lifestyle changes, physiotherapy, and weight management significantly enhance outcomes. In advanced cases, surgical interventions such as joint replacement or fusion may be necessary.
A proactive approach, combining medical care with patient education and lifestyle adjustments, helps individuals with arthritis lead active and fulfilling lives despite the challenges posed by the condition.
